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awk 'BEGIN{ "date" | getline d ; print d}'
2010. 12. 01. (수) 13:10:25 KST
awk 'BEGIN{ "date" | getline d ; split(d, mon); print mon[2]}'
12.
awk '$2 ~ /192/' arp => arp 에서 2번째가 192 인 행 출력
awk '$2 !~ /192/' arp => arp 에서 2번째가 192 아닌 행 출력
awk '{max=($1>$2)?$1:$2; prin $max}; filename
awk -F. '{ if ( $1 > 172 ) print $1, "high" ; else print $1, "too low" }' acl
cat katuri | grep -B 10 "192.168.25" | egrep "policy|--" | grep -B 1 "\-\-" | grep -v "\-\-"
awk '{ for ( a=1 ; a<=NF ; a++ ) print $a } {OFS="\n"}' intra_nslist
평균값 = egrep "^09|^1[0-7]" 17.txt | awk '{print $4}' | awk '{ print (s += $1)/270 }' | tail -n 1
최대값 = egrep "^09|^1[0-7]" 17.txt | awk '{print $5}' | sort | tail -n 1
최소값 = egrep "^09|^1[0-7]" 17.txt | awk '{print $5}' | sort -r | tail -n 1
예를 들어 내용이 삽입되기 원하는 위치가 10번째 줄이면
sed -i '10izend_optimizer.optimization_level=1023' /usr/local/lib/php.ini
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sed 's/preempt/preempt\
shit/g' hsrp | more
sed -e '/192.168.7.14/{h; }' -e '{ $G; }' arp
192.168.7.14 매칭 되는 줄을 맨 마지막 줄에 추가 (cf. g 는 마지막 줄 변경
sed -e '/192.168.7.14/{h; d;}' -e '{ $G; }' arp
192.168.7.14 매칭 되는 줄을 맨 마지막 줄에 추가 (cf. g 는 마지막 줄 변경 , d; 는 매칭 줄 삭제, x 치환
\a 다음줄에 추가
\i 윗줄에 추가
\c 변경
Table 1—Autonegotiation Valid Configuration
Configuration NIC (Speed/Duplex) | Configuration Switch (Speed/Duplex) | Resulting NIC Speed/Duplex | Resulting Catalyst Speed/Duplex | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
AUTO | AUTO | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | Assuming maximum capability of Catalyst switch, and NIC is 1000 Mbps, full-duplex. |
1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | AUTO | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | Link is established, but the switch does not see any autonegotiation information from NIC. Since Catalyst switches support only full-duplex operation with 1000 Mbps, they default to full-duplex, and this happens only when operating at 1000 Mbps. |
AUTO | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | Assuming maximum capability of NIC is 1000 Mbps, full-duplex. |
1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | Correct Manual Configuration |
100 Mbps, Full-duplex | 1000 Mbps, Full-duplex | No Link | No Link | Neither side establishes link, due to speed mismatch |
100 Mbps, Full-duplex | AUTO | 100 Mbps, Full-duplex | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | Duplex Mismatch 1 |
AUTO | 100 Mbps, Full-duplex | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | 100 Mbps, Full-duplex | Duplex Mismatch 1 |
100 Mbps, Full-duplex | 100 Mbps, Full-duplex | 100 Mbps, Full-duplex | 100 Mbps, Full-duplex | Correct Manual Configuration2 |
100 Mbps, Half-duplex | AUTO | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | Link is established, but switch does not see any autonegotiation information from NIC and defaults to half-duplex when operating at 10/100 Mbps. |
10 Mbps, Half-duplex | AUTO | 10 Mbps, Half-duplex | 10 Mbps, Half-duplex | Link is established, but switch does not see Fast Link Pulse (FLP) and defaults to 10 Mbps half-duplex. |
10 Mbps, Half-duplex | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | No Link | No Link | Neither side establishes link, due to speed mismatch. |
AUTO | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | 100 Mbps, Half-duplex | Link is established, but NIC does not see any autonegotiation information and defaults to 100 Mbps, half-duplex. |
AUTO | 10 Mbps, Half-duplex | 10 Mbps, Half-duplex | 10 Mbps, Half-duplex | Link is established, but NIC does not see FLP and defaults to 10 Mbps, half-duplex. |
1 A duplex mismatch can result in performance issues, intermittent connectivity, and loss of communication. When you troubleshoot NIC issues, verify that the NIC and switch use a valid configuration.
2 Some third-party NIC cards can fall back to half-duplex operation mode, even though both the switchport and NIC configuration are manually configured for 100 Mbps, full-duplex. This is because NIC autonegotiation link detection still operates when the NIC is manually configured. This causes duplex inconsistency between the switchport and the NIC. Symptoms include poor port performance and frame check sequence (FCS) errors that increment on the switchport. In order to troubleshoot this issue, try to manually configure the switchport to 100 Mbps, half-duplex. If this action resolves the connectivity problems, this NIC issue is the possible cause. Try to update to the latest drivers for your NIC, or contact your NIC card vendor for additional support.
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